January 2026 ~ SALEHE NJOHOLE

COMPUTER PROGRAMMING PART 1

1. Computer programming is:

A. Designing hardware

B. Writing instructions for a computer

C. Using the internet

D. Repairing computers

2. A program is:

A. Computer hardware

B. Set of instructions to perform a task

C. Input device

D. Output device

3. Which language is closest to machine language?

A. High-level language

B. Assembly language

C. Python

D. Java

4. Machine language consists of:

A. Symbols

B. English words

C. Binary code

D. Numbers and letters

5. Which language is easiest for humans to understand?

A. Machine language

B. Assembly language

C. High-level language

D. Binary language

6. Which of the following is a high-level language?

A. C++

B. Assembly

C. Machine code

D. Binary

7. What is a compiler?

A. A hardware device

B. A program that converts high-level code to machine code

C. An editor

D. A storage device

8. An interpreter:

A. Translates whole program at once

B. Executes code line by line

C. Is hardware

D. Stores programs

9. Which language is commonly used for web development?

A. HTML

B. COBOL

C. FORTRAN

D. Assembly

10. Which of the following is NOT a programming language?

A. Java

B. Python

C. Windows

D. C

11. What is a variable?

A. Fixed value

B. Storage location for data

C. Output device

D. Function

12. Which symbol is used for assignment in most languages?

A. ==

B. =

C. !=

D. >=

13. Which data type stores whole numbers?

A. Float

B. Char

C. Integer

D. Boolean

14. Which data type stores true or false?

A. Integer

B. Float

C. Boolean

D. String

15. What is a constant?

A. A value that changes

B. A value that does not change

C. A variable

D. A function

16. Which statement is used for decision making?

A. for

B. while

C. if

D. print

17. A loop is used to:

A. Stop execution

B. Repeat a set of instructions

C. Store data

D. Print output

18. Which loop checks condition before execution?

A. do-while

B. for

C. while

D. repeat

19. Which loop executes at least once?

A. for

B. while

C. do-while

D. if

20. What is an algorithm?

A. Program code

B. Step-by-step solution to a problem

C. Programming language

D. Flowchart symbol

21. Which symbol represents decision in a flowchart?

A. Oval

B. Rectangle

C. Diamond

D. Circle

22. Which symbol represents input/output in a flowchart?

A. Oval

B. Parallelogram

C. Diamond

D. Rectangle

23. Which tool is used to write program code?

A. Compiler

B. Editor

C. Printer

D. Scanner

24. Syntax errors are:

A. Logical mistakes

B. Errors in program logic

C. Errors due to wrong grammar

D. Runtime errors

25. Logical errors cause:

A. Program not to run

B. Wrong output

C. Compilation failure

D. Syntax error

26. Runtime errors occur:

A. Before execution

B. During execution

C. During compilation

D. After output

27. Which operator is used for comparison?

A. =

B. ==

C. ++

D. +=

28. Which operator increases value by 1?

A. +

B. ++

C. --

D. **

29. What is a function?

A. Variable

B. Block of reusable code

C. Data type

D. Operator

30. Which keyword is used to return a value from a function?

A. stop

B. exit

C. return

D. break

31. Which is NOT a loop structure?

A. for

B. while

C. do-while

D. if

32. What does debugging mean?

A. Writing code

B. Removing errors

C. Running program

D. Compiling code

33. Which programming concept allows reuse of code?

A. Compilation

B. Functions

C. Debugging

D. Editing

34. Which language is object-oriented?

A. C

B. C++

C. Assembly

D. Machine language

35. Object-oriented programming is based on:

A. Functions

B. Objects and classes

C. Flowcharts

D. Algorithms

36. Which concept hides data?

A. Inheritance

B. Polymorphism

C. Encapsulation

D. Abstraction

37. Which concept allows a class to inherit another class?

A. Encapsulation

B. Inheritance

C. Polymorphism

D. Compilation

38. Which concept allows many forms?

A. Encapsulation

B. Inheritance

C. Polymorphism

D. Abstraction

39. Which error is hardest to detect?

A. Syntax error

B. Runtime error

C. Logical error

D. Compilation error

40. Which symbol is used to end a statement in C/C++?

A. :

B. .

C. ;

D. ,

41. Which language is widely used for data science?

A. C

B. Python

C. Assembly

D. COBOL

42. Which keyword stops a loop?

A. stop

B. end

C. break

D. exit

43. Which operator combines conditions?

A. Arithmetic

B. Relational

C. Logical

D. Assignment

44. Which language is platform-independent?

A. C

B. C++

C. Java

D. Assembly

45. Which concept improves program efficiency?

A. Poor logic

B. Optimization

C. Errors

D. Compilation

46. Which programming paradigm uses procedures?

A. Object-oriented

B. Procedural

C. Functional

D. Logical

47. Which symbol is used for comments in C++?

A. /* */

B. //

C. Both A and B

D. ##

48. Which programming language uses indentation?

A. Java

B. C++

C. Python

D. C

49. Which tool converts source code into executable file?

A. Editor

B. Compiler

C. Loader

D. Debugger

50. Which skill is most important for programming?

A. Typing speed

B. Logical thinking

C. Drawing skills

D. Memorization

PART 2

What is a computer program?
A) Hardware device
B) Set of instructions for a computer
C) Input data
D) Output result
Answer: B
Which language is known as the mother of all programming languages?
A) Python
B) C
C) Java
D) Assembly
Answer: B
Which of the following is a high-level language?
A) Assembly
B) Machine language
C) Python
D) Binary
Answer: C
What does CPU stand for?
A) Central Processing Unit
B) Control Processing Unit
C) Central Programming Unit
D) Computer Processing Unit
Answer: A
Which symbol is used for comments in Python?
A) //
B)
C) #
D) /* */
Answer: C
Which of the following is NOT a programming language?
A) Java
B) HTML
C) Python
D) C++
Answer: B
What is a variable?
A) A fixed value
B) A storage location
C) A function
D) An operator
Answer: B
Which operator is used for addition?
A) *
B) -
C) +
D) /
Answer: C
Which data type stores whole numbers?
A) Float
B) Char
C) String
D) Integer
Answer: D
What does IDE stand for?
A) Integrated Development Environment
B) Internet Development Engine
C) Internal Data Editor
D) Integrated Data Environment
Answer: A
Which language is mainly used for web development?
A) C
B) JavaScript
C) Pascal
D) COBOL
Answer: B
Which keyword is used to display output in Python?
A) show
B) print
C) output
D) display
Answer: B
What is debugging?
A) Writing code
B) Removing errors
C) Compiling code
D) Running code
Answer: B
Which loop repeats a fixed number of times?
A) while
B) do-while
C) for
D) infinite
Answer: C
What does RAM stand for?
A) Read Access Memory
B) Random Access Memory
C) Run Access Memory
D) Real Access Memory
Answer: B
Which of the following is an input device?
A) Monitor
B) Printer
C) Keyboard
D) Speaker
Answer: C
What is an algorithm?
A) Programming language
B) Step-by-step solution
C) Computer hardware
D) Software tool
Answer: B
Which symbol is used to end a statement in C?
A) :
B) .
C) ;
D) ,
Answer: C
Which language is object-oriented?
A) Java
B) Assembly
C) BASIC
D) Machine language
Answer: A
What is a compiler?
A) Translates code to machine language
B) Edits code
C) Finds errors
D) Executes code
Answer: A
Which is the smallest unit of data?
A) Byte
B) Bit
C) KB
D) MB
Answer: B
What does GUI stand for?
A) Graphical User Interface
B) General User Interface
C) Global User Interface
D) Graphic Utility Interface
Answer: A
Which language is best for beginners?
A) Assembly
B) Python
C) C
D) C++
Answer: B
Which statement is used for decision making?
A) for
B) while
C) if
D) break
Answer: C
What is syntax?
A) Meaning of program
B) Rules of writing code
C) Output
D) Logic
Answer: B
Which loop runs at least once?
A) for
B) while
C) do-while
D) infinite
Answer: C
What does OS stand for?
A) Open Software
B) Operating System
C) Output System
D) Online Software
Answer: B
Which of the following is system software?
A) MS Word
B) Excel
C) Windows
D) Paint
Answer: C
What is a function?
A) Variable
B) Loop
C) Block of reusable code
D) Operator
Answer: C
Which language uses indentation?
A) C
B) Java
C) Python
D) C++
Answer: C
Which device shows output?
A) Mouse
B) Keyboard
C) Monitor
D) Scanner
Answer: C
Which keyword is used to take input in Python?
A) input
B) scan
C) read
D) get
Answer: A
Which error occurs due to wrong grammar?
A) Logical error
B) Runtime error
C) Syntax error
D) System error
Answer: C
What does ROM stand for?
A) Read Only Memory
B) Random Only Memory
C) Run Only Memory
D) Read Open Memory
Answer: A
Which is NOT an operating system?
A) Linux
B) Windows
C) Android
D) Oracle
Answer: D
Which symbol is used for multiplication?
A) +
B) -
C) *
D) /
Answer: C
Which loop is used when condition is unknown?
A) for
B) while
C) switch
D) break
Answer: B
Which of these is a logical operator?
A) +
B) &&
C) =
D) %
Answer: B
What is machine language made of?
A) Letters
B) Numbers
C) 0 and 1
D) Symbols
Answer: C
Which of the following is application software?
A) BIOS
B) Compiler
C) MS Excel
D) Operating System
Answer: C
What is a flowchart?
A) Program code
B) Diagram of logic
C) Hardware design
D) Memory chart
Answer: B
Which language is used for Android development?
A) Java
B) C
C) Python
D) HTML
Answer: A
Which key is used to execute a program?
A) Shift
B) Enter
C) Ctrl
D) Alt
Answer: B
What is output?
A) Input data
B) Process
C) Result
D) Program
Answer: C
Which of the following is NOT a loop?
A) for
B) while
C) if
D) do-while
Answer: C
Which storage is temporary?
A) Hard disk
B) ROM
C) RAM
D) DVD
Answer: C
Which language is used in data science?
A) Python
B) C
C) Assembly
D) COBOL
Answer: A
What is software?
A) Physical parts
B) Programs
C) Input devices
D) Output devices
Answer: B
What is the full form of URL?
A) Uniform Resource Locator
B) Universal Resource Link
C) Unified Resource Locator
D) Uniform Record Link
Answer: A
Which one is a programming tool?
A) Compiler
B) Monitor
C) Keyboard
D) Printer
Answer: A

=================================================================

COMPUTER MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR

1. Computer system maintenance mainly involves:

A. Programming software

B. Keeping the system running efficiently

C. Designing websites

D. Creating databases

2. Which type of maintenance is performed before a problem occurs?

A. Corrective

B. Preventive

C. Adaptive

D. Perfective

3. What is corrective maintenance?

A. System upgrade

B. Repair after failure

C. Virus prevention

D. Software update

4. Which tool is used to tighten screws in a computer case?

A. Hammer

B. Screwdriver

C. Pliers

D. Wrench

5. Which component stores data permanently?

A. RAM

B. Cache

C. Hard disk

D. CPU

6. Which device protects a computer from power surges?

A. Printer

B. UPS

C. Scanner

D. Mouse

7. What does POST stand for?

A. Power On Self Test

B. Program On System Test

C. Process Operation System Test

D. Power Output Signal Test

8. Which symptom indicates a faulty RAM?

A. Slow internet

B. Frequent system crashes

C. No sound

D. Printer not responding

9. Which tool is used to clean dust inside a computer?

A. Water

B. Cloth

C. Compressed air

D. Oil

10. Which component cools the CPU?

A. Power supply

B. Heat sink and fan

C. Hard disk

D. RAM

11. Which maintenance activity involves software updates?

A. Hardware maintenance

B. Preventive maintenance

C. Corrective maintenance

D. Network maintenance

12. Which of the following is an input device?

A. Monitor

B. Keyboard

C. Speaker

D. Printer

13. What is the first step before repairing a computer?

A. Open the case

B. Backup data

C. Replace parts

D. Format hard disk

14. Which component supplies power to the computer?

A. Motherboard

B. Power Supply Unit (PSU)

C. CPU

D. RAM

15. Which sign shows a failing hard disk?

A. Blue screen errors

B. Clicking noises

C. Keyboard delay

D. Monitor flicker

16. Which tool checks hardware errors?

A. Antivirus

B. Diagnostic software

C. Word processor

D. Spreadsheet

17. What does ESD stand for?

A. Electrical System Damage

B. Electrostatic Discharge

C. Electronic Software Device

D. External Storage Drive

18. Which item protects components from ESD?

A. Rubber gloves

B. Anti-static wrist strap

C. Plastic bag

D. Paper

19. Which maintenance task improves system performance?

A. Deleting system files

B. Disk defragmentation

C. Installing viruses

D. Removing drivers

20. Which software protects against malware?

A. BIOS

B. Antivirus

C. Device driver

D. Operating system

21. Which component connects all hardware parts?

A. CPU

B. Motherboard

C. Hard disk

D. PSU

22. Which port is commonly used for keyboard and mouse?

A. HDMI

B. USB

C. VGA

D. Ethernet

23. What is the purpose of thermal paste?

A. Clean CPU

B. Increase heat transfer

C. Stop electricity

D. Reduce voltage

24. Which maintenance involves replacing outdated components?

A. Corrective

B. Adaptive

C. Perfective

D. Preventive

25. Which device stores the operating system?

A. RAM

B. Hard disk / SSD

C. CPU

D. BIOS

26. Which sign indicates a failing power supply?

A. Random shutdowns

B. Clear display

C. Fast boot

D. Strong sound

27. Which utility checks disk errors?

A. CHKDSK

B. Paint

C. Notepad

D. Calculator

28. Which part is upgradeable?

A. CPU

B. RAM

C. Hard disk

D. All of the above

29. Which is a safety precaution?

A. Work on live power

B. Disconnect power before repair

C. Touch circuits

D. Use wet hands

30. Which device is used to test electrical continuity?

A. Multimeter

B. Screwdriver

C. Brush

D. Flash drive

31. Which software restores system to earlier state?

A. Antivirus

B. Disk Cleanup

C. System Restore

D. Task Manager

32. Which problem is caused by overheating?

A. Slow typing

B. Sudden shutdown

C. Loud speakers

D. Network failure

33. Which device displays output?

A. Keyboard

B. Mouse

C. Monitor

D. Scanner

34. Which maintenance prevents virus infection?

A. Hardware cleaning

B. Software update

C. Antivirus installation

D. Disk formatting

35. Which component holds BIOS?

A. Hard disk

B. ROM chip

C. RAM

D. CPU

36. Which cable connects storage devices internally?

A. HDMI

B. SATA

C. USB

D. VGA

37. Which sign shows a faulty graphics card?

A. Distorted display

B. No sound

C. Slow typing

D. Printer error

38. Which tool removes dust safely?

A. Vacuum cleaner

B. Compressed air

C. Wet cloth

D. Oil

39. Which is preventive software maintenance?

A. Replacing broken PSU

B. Updating OS patches

C. Repairing motherboard

D. Replacing RAM

40. Which OS utility manages startup programs?

A. Task Manager

B. Calculator

C. Paint

D. Word

41. Which storage is fastest?

A. HDD

B. SSD

C. CD-ROM

D. DVD

42. Which device backs up power?

A. Stabilizer

B. UPS

C. Generator

D. Inverter

43. Which maintenance type improves functionality?

A. Corrective

B. Adaptive

C. Perfective

D. Preventive

44. Which tool removes malware?

A. Antivirus

B. BIOS

C. Driver

D. OS

45. Which is a common laptop issue?

A. Loose keyboard keys

B. Network cable failure

C. PSU fan noise

D. External mouse failure

46. Which component controls all system operations?

A. RAM

B. CPU

C. Hard disk

D. Monitor

47. Which maintenance ensures data safety?

A. Cleaning

B. Backup

C. Formatting

D. Repair

48. Which tool helps identify failing components?

A. Diagnostic software

B. Browser

C. Email client

D. Text editor

49. Which action improves boot speed?

A. Adding startup programs

B. Removing startup programs

C. Installing malware

D. Increasing files

50. Which is a best practice in computer repair?

A. Trial and error

B. Proper documentation

C. Ignoring safety rules

D. Random part replacement

====================================================================

OPERATING SYSTEM

1. What is an operating system?

A. Application software

B. System software that manages hardware and software resources

C. Programming language

D. Computer hardware

2. Which of the following is NOT an operating system?

A. Windows

B. Linux

C. macOS

D. MS Word

3. The main function of an operating system is to:

A. Run games

B. Manage computer resources

C. Design graphics

D. Compile programs

4. Which OS is open source?

A. Windows

B. macOS

C. Linux

D. MS-DOS

5. Which OS is developed by Apple?

A. Windows

B. Linux

C. macOS

D. UNIX

6. Which operating system is commonly used on servers?

A. Android

B. Linux

C. iOS

D. DOS

7. Which part of OS manages memory?

A. File system

B. Memory manager

C. Device driver

D. User interface

8. What is multitasking?

A. Running one program at a time

B. Running multiple programs simultaneously

C. Installing software

D. Shutting down system

9. Which OS interface uses commands?

A. GUI

B. CLI

C. Touch UI

D. Voice UI

10. GUI stands for:

A. General User Interface

B. Graphical User Interface

C. Global User Internet

D. Graphical Utility Interface

11. Which OS is designed for mobile devices?

A. Windows 7

B. Linux

C. Android

D. UNIX

12. Which OS feature allows multiple users?

A. Single-user

B. Multi-user

C. Batch processing

D. Real-time

13. Which of the following is a real-time operating system?

A. Windows

B. Linux

C. RTOS

D. macOS

14. Which OS manages files and folders?

A. File system

B. CPU scheduler

C. Kernel

D. BIOS

15. What is a kernel?

A. Hardware component

B. Core part of OS

C. Application software

D. Utility program

16. Which OS boots fastest?

A. DOS

B. Windows

C. Linux

D. Depends on configuration

17. Which of the following is a single-user OS?

A. UNIX

B. Linux

C. Windows 10

D. MS-DOS

18. What is virtual memory?

A. Real memory

B. Cache memory

C. Hard disk space used as RAM

D. ROM

19. Which OS supports multitasking and multi-user?

A. DOS

B. UNIX

C. Windows XP

D. Android

20. Which OS is used in embedded systems?

A. Windows

B. Linux

C. RTOS

D. macOS

21. Which utility program manages disks?

A. Disk Defragmenter

B. Notepad

C. Paint

D. Calculator

22. What is process scheduling?

A. Memory allocation

B. Deciding which process runs first

C. File storage

D. Device management

23. Which scheduling algorithm gives equal time to each process?

A. FCFS

B. Priority

C. Round Robin

D. Shortest Job First

24. Which OS uses NTFS file system?

A. Linux

B. Windows

C. macOS

D. UNIX

25. Which OS uses ext4 file system?

A. Windows

B. Linux

C. macOS

D. DOS

26. Which OS supports touch interface?

A. Windows 10

B. Android

C. iOS

D. All of the above

27. Which is NOT a function of OS?

A. Memory management

B. Process management

C. Web browsing

D. Device management

28. Which OS is most secure by design?

A. Windows

B. Linux

C. macOS

D. Depends on usage

29. Which component handles input/output devices?

A. Kernel

B. Device drivers

C. CPU

D. RAM

30. Which OS is free and open source?

A. Windows

B. macOS

C. Linux

D. iOS

31. What happens during booting?

A. Shutting down system

B. Loading OS into memory

C. Installing OS

D. Deleting files

32. BIOS is used for:

A. Application control

B. Booting the system

C. File management

D. Internet access

33. Which OS uses Finder?

A. Windows

B. Linux

C. macOS

D. Android

34. Which OS supports command line and GUI?

A. Windows

B. Linux

C. macOS

D. All of the above

35. Which OS is designed by Microsoft?

A. Linux

B. Windows

C. macOS

D. UNIX

36. What is a deadlock?

A. System shutdown

B. Infinite loop

C. Processes waiting indefinitely

D. High speed processing

37. Which OS component prevents unauthorized access?

A. Firewall

B. Security manager

C. Kernel

D. File system

38. Which OS is commonly used in smartphones?

A. Linux

B. Android

C. Windows

D. DOS

39. Which OS supports virtualization?

A. Windows

B. Linux

C. macOS

D. All of the above

40. What is a process?

A. Program in storage

B. Program in execution

C. Hardware component

D. Device driver

41. Which OS supports batch processing?

A. DOS

B. UNIX

C. Windows

D. Linux

42. Which file system is used by macOS?

A. NTFS

B. FAT32

C. APFS

D. ext4

43. Which OS is best for multitasking?

A. DOS

B. Windows

C. Linux

D. Both B and C

44. Which OS manages CPU time?

A. Scheduler

B. Memory manager

C. File manager

D. BIOS

45. Which OS is used in ATMs?

A. Windows

B. Linux

C. RTOS

D. macOS

46. Which command shuts down a Linux system?

A. shutdown

B. exit

C. close

D. stop

47. Which OS supports open-source development?

A. Windows

B. Linux

C. macOS

D. iOS

48. Which OS manages user accounts?

A. Kernel

B. User management

C. Device driver

D. BIOS

49. Which OS allows customization through shells?

A. Windows

B. Linux

C. macOS

D. Both B and C

50. Which OS is platform-independent?

A. Windows

B. Linux

C. UNIX

D. None

=========================================================================

PRINCIPLES OF E-BUSINESS

1. E-business refers to:

A. Buying and selling only

B. Use of internet for advertising

C. Conducting business processes electronically

D. Online payment systems only

2. E-commerce is a subset of:

A. Digital marketing

B. E-government

C. E-business

D. Traditional business

3. Which of the following is an example of B2C?

A. Amazon selling to customers

B. Manufacturer selling to wholesaler

C. Employee portal

D. Online tax payment

4. B2B stands for:

A. Business to Buyer

B. Business to Business

C. Buyer to Business

D. Business to Bank

5. Which model involves transactions between consumers?

A. B2B

B. B2C

C. C2C

D. G2C

6. E-business mainly depends on:

A. Manual systems

B. Internet and ICT

C. Paper records

D. Telephone only

7. Which is NOT a benefit of e-business?

A. Global reach

B. Reduced costs

C. Faster transactions

D. Increased paperwork

8. What does EDI stand for?

A. Electronic Data Integration

B. Electronic Data Interchange

C. Electronic Digital Interface

D. Electronic Document Information

9. Which technology enables online payments?

A. ERP

B. CRM

C. Payment Gateway

D. SCM

10. Which business model earns revenue through advertising?

A. Subscription model

B. Advertising model

C. Brokerage model

D. Affiliate model

11. Which of the following is an example of C2B?

A. Online retail store

B. Freelancers offering services to companies

C. Government tax portal

D. Online auction website

12. E-business helps organizations by:

A. Increasing physical paperwork

B. Limiting customers

C. Improving efficiency

D. Reducing communication

13. Which protocol is used to secure online transactions?

A. HTTP

B. FTP

C. SSL/TLS

D. SMTP

14. Which is a key component of e-business infrastructure?

A. Typewriter

B. Internet connectivity

C. Filing cabinet

D. Manual ledger

15. What is a digital product?

A. Physical goods

B. Services delivered online

C. Paper documents

D. Imported goods

16. Which of the following is an example of G2C?

A. Online shopping

B. Online banking

C. Online tax filing

D. Online wholesale

17. What is CRM used for?

A. Managing customer relationships

B. Managing suppliers

C. Managing finance

D. Managing production

18. What is the main objective of SCM in e-business?

A. Increase prices

B. Manage supply chain efficiently

C. Advertise products

D. Reduce customers

19. Which e-business model charges users periodically?

A. Brokerage

B. Subscription

C. Advertising

D. Auction

20. What is an online marketplace?

A. Company website only

B. Platform connecting buyers and sellers

C. Social media page

D. Email system

21. Which is NOT an e-business application?

A. Online banking

B. E-learning

C. Manual bookkeeping

D. Online ticketing

22. Which factor builds trust in e-business?

A. Poor security

B. Secure payment systems

C. Fake reviews

D. Hidden charges

23. What is personalization in e-business?

A. Same content for all users

B. Customized user experience

C. Manual customer service

D. Offline marketing

24. Which legal issue affects e-business?

A. Cyber law

B. Traffic law

C. Land law

D. Family law

25. Which device is commonly used for m-commerce?

A. Desktop only

B. Laptop only

C. Smartphone

D. Printer

26. What does m-commerce mean?

A. Manual commerce

B. Mobile commerce

C. Marketing commerce

D. Machine commerce

27. Which technology tracks customer behavior online?

A. Cookies

B. Printers

C. Scanners

D. Routers

28. Which is a disadvantage of e-business?

A. Global market

B. 24/7 availability

C. Security risks

D. Faster communication

29. Which system integrates business processes?

A. ERP

B. HTML

C. FTP

D. DNS

30. What is the role of a payment gateway?

A. Deliver goods

B. Secure and process payments

C. Advertise products

D. Manage inventory

31. Which pricing strategy allows customers to bid?

A. Fixed pricing

B. Dynamic pricing

C. Auction pricing

D. Discount pricing

32. Which e-business model connects buyers and sellers for a fee?

A. Advertising

B. Brokerage

C. Subscription

D. Manufacturer

33. Which type of website focuses on content delivery?

A. Transactional

B. Informational

C. Corporate

D. E-commerce

34. What is disintermediation?

A. Adding more middlemen

B. Removing intermediaries

C. Increasing cost

D. Delaying delivery

35. Which is an advantage of digital marketing?

A. Limited reach

B. High cost

C. Measurable results

D. Slow feedback

36. What is reintermediation?

A. Removing intermediaries

B. Reintroducing intermediaries in new forms

C. Ending e-business

D. Manual selling

37. Which law protects online consumer rights?

A. Cyber law

B. Criminal law

C. Maritime law

D. Contract law only

38. Which is an example of B2E?

A. Online shopping

B. Employee self-service portal

C. Online auction

D. Online banking

39. What is click-and-mortar?

A. Online-only business

B. Physical-only business

C. Combination of online and physical business

D. Government business

40. Which technology enables cloud-based e-business?

A. Cloud computing

B. Manual servers

C. Paper systems

D. Stand-alone PCs

41. Which e-business strategy focuses on customer retention?

A. Mass marketing

B. Relationship marketing

C. Price cutting

D. Offline promotion

42. What is a shopping cart?

A. Physical trolley

B. Software to select products

C. Delivery truck

D. Payment receipt

43. Which metric measures website traffic?

A. ROI

B. Page views

C. Inventory turnover

D. Net profit

44. What is SEO?

A. Secure Electronic Operation

B. Search Engine Optimization

C. Software Engineering Office

D. System Error Output

45. Which is a major challenge in e-business?

A. Time saving

B. Security and privacy

C. Automation

D. Globalization

46. Which online tool supports customer interaction?

A. Chatbots

B. Printers

C. Scanners

D. Routers

47. Which is a feature of successful e-business?

A. Poor usability

B. Slow website

C. User-friendly interface

D. Limited payment options

48. What does ROI stand for?

A. Rate of Interest

B. Return on Investment

C. Risk of Internet

D. Revenue of Income

49. Which factor is critical for e-business success?

A. Website design

B. Customer trust

C. Security

D. All of the above

50. Which platform is commonly used for social commerce?

A. WhatsApp / Facebook

B. MS Word

C. Notepad

D. Calculator

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PROJECT MANAGEMENT

1. What is a project?

A. An ongoing operation

B. A temporary endeavor with a unique result

C. A routine business activity

D. A permanent task

2. Which of the following best defines project management?

A. Managing people only

B. Managing money only

C. Applying knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities

D. Controlling employees

3. Which is NOT a project constraint?

A. Time

B. Cost

C. Scope

D. Motivation

4. The “triple constraint” includes:

A. Quality, Risk, Cost

B. Scope, Time, Cost

C. Time, HR, Communication

D. Scope, Risk, Quality

5. Who is responsible for the overall success of the project?

A. Project Sponsor

B. Project Manager

C. Stakeholder

D. Team Member

6. Which document formally authorizes a project?

A. Project Plan

B. Business Case

C. Project Charter

D. Scope Statement

7. Which phase comes first in the project life cycle?

A. Planning

B. Execution

C. Initiation

D. Closure

8. What is the main output of the planning phase?

A. Project Charter

B. Final Product

C. Project Management Plan

D. Acceptance Document

9. What does WBS stand for?

A. Work Breakdown Structure

B. Workforce Breakdown System

C. Work Budget Schedule

D. Workflow Business System

10. The WBS is used to:

A. Estimate risks

B. Break project into manageable components

C. Assign salaries

D. Close the project

11. Which tool is used for scheduling?

A. SWOT Analysis

B. Gantt Chart

C. Pareto Chart

D. Fishbone Diagram

12. Which phase involves coordinating people and resources?

A. Planning

B. Initiation

C. Execution

D. Closure

13. What is scope creep?

A. Planned changes

B. Increase in budget

C. Uncontrolled changes in project scope

D. Risk management

14. Which document defines project deliverables?

A. Risk Register

B. Scope Statement

C. Cost Baseline

D. Quality Plan

15. Risk is defined as:

A. A guaranteed loss

B. An uncertain event affecting objectives

C. A problem already occurred

D. Project failure

16. Which process identifies potential project risks?

A. Risk Analysis

B. Risk Identification

C. Risk Response

D. Risk Control

17. Stakeholders are:

A. Project workers only

B. Anyone affected by the project

C. Only sponsors

D. Only customers

18. Which phase ensures deliverables meet requirements?

A. Initiation

B. Planning

C. Monitoring & Controlling

D. Closure

19. What is earned value management (EVM) used for?

A. Quality control

B. Cost and schedule performance

C. Risk planning

D. Team motivation

20. Which document records identified risks?

A. Issue Log

B. Risk Register

C. Change Log

D. Stakeholder Register

21. The critical path represents:

A. Longest duration path

B. Shortest task

C. Cheapest task

D. Least risky path

22. What happens if a critical path task is delayed?

A. No impact

B. Project delay

C. Cost decreases

D. Quality improves

23. What is project quality management focused on?

A. Team skills

B. Meeting requirements

C. Reducing risks

D. Increasing budget

24. Which document outlines how communication will be managed?

A. HR Plan

B. Communication Management Plan

C. Scope Statement

D. Risk Register

25. What is change management?

A. Ignoring changes

B. Managing approved changes

C. Stopping changes

D. Increasing project scope

26. Which role provides funding for the project?

A. Project Manager

B. Sponsor

C. Stakeholder

D. Client

27. Which technique estimates activity duration using three values?

A. CPM

B. PERT

C. SWOT

D. WBS

28. What does CPM stand for?

A. Cost Performance Method

B. Critical Path Method

C. Continuous Process Model

D. Cost Planning Method

29. What is a milestone?

A. Daily task

B. Major project event

C. Risk event

D. Cost baseline

30. What does project closure include?

A. Planning resources

B. Final reporting and lessons learned

C. Risk identification

D. Task execution

31. What is the main goal of risk response planning?

A. Eliminate all risks

B. Minimize negative impact

C. Ignore risks

D. Delay project

32. Which is NOT a project management knowledge area?

A. Scope Management

B. Time Management

C. Inventory Management

D. Risk Management

33. What is a deliverable?

A. A task

B. A meeting

C. A measurable output

D. A risk

34. Which management focuses on team roles and responsibilities?

A. HR Management

B. Scope Management

C. Cost Management

D. Quality Management

35. What is stakeholder engagement?

A. Ignoring stakeholders

B. Managing stakeholder expectations

C. Removing stakeholders

D. Assigning tasks

36. Which document tracks approved changes?

A. Issue Log

B. Risk Register

C. Change Log

D. WBS

37. Which process ensures project stays on track?

A. Initiation

B. Planning

C. Execution

D. Monitoring & Controlling

38. What is project procurement management?

A. Hiring staff

B. Buying goods and services

C. Managing risks

D. Planning schedule

39. Which contract type has the highest risk for the seller?

A. Fixed-price

B. Cost-reimbursable

C. Time & material

D. Open-ended

40. What is baseline?

A. Approved project plan

B. Estimated cost only

C. Daily report

D. Risk register

41. What does SPI measure?

A. Cost efficiency

B. Schedule efficiency

C. Quality level

D. Risk exposure

42. What does CPI measure?

A. Schedule performance

B. Cost performance

C. Risk performance

D. Quality performance

43. What is an issue?

A. A future risk

B. An uncertain event

C. A problem already occurred

D. A deliverable

44. Which tool shows task dependencies?

A. Gantt Chart

B. Network Diagram

C. Histogram

D. Checklist

45. What is a sponsor’s main responsibility?

A. Daily project work

B. Providing authority and resources

C. Writing code

D. Testing deliverables

46. What is the purpose of lessons learned?

A. Assign blame

B. Improve future projects

C. Close contracts

D. Increase cost

47. Which approach is iterative and flexible?

A. Waterfall

B. Agile

C. CPM

D. PRINCE2

48. Agile focuses primarily on:

A. Detailed documentation

B. Customer collaboration

C. Fixed scope

D. Long planning

49. What is a sprint?

A. Project phase

B. Agile iteration

C. Risk event

D. Budget cycle

50. Which document confirms formal project completion?

A. Charter

B. Acceptance Document

C. Risk Register

D. WBS

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SALEHE NJOHOLE

Saleh Njohole

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Tuesday, January 6, 2026

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